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X20 Specification (50kb, PDF) by Samsung.
I was using my Sony Laptop for more than 3 years.
I needed a new devel machine for grml.
Therefore I decided to buy a Samsung X20 XVM 1600 V on 26th of august 2005.
This HowTo provides information about using Linux on it. Feel free to contact me if you have feedback, wishes or questions. I'm projectleader and coredeveloper of grml,
a Linux Live-CD for sysadmins and texttool-users. grml is not only a Live-CD
but you can install grml to harddisk as well. grml is based on Debian, so if you decide to install grml on
your computer you will get a Debian unstable system with some addons like
better hardware recognition and out-of-the-box configuration. The Samsung X20
laptop is supported by grml perfectly. You will notice some more
'out-of-the-box' statements in the following text - basically because the
laptop really rocks using grml. :-) Just download the grml-ISO and give it a
try. I created a package named grml-samsung-x20 which provides
configuration files and scripts as described below. Just run:
on your Samsung X20 grml-installation to get it from the grml-repository! The BIOS version on my Samsung X20 laptop is 08Z. If you don't have BIOS
version 08Z or newer you should
upgrade because 08Z adds a feature that the X20 can remember the WLAN
on/off state. For newer updates refer to the X20 BIOS Webpage
at Samsung. I wanted to keep the windows partition for at least a few weeks, as it
seems that some hardware like graphics card and WLAN should be initialized at
least once by a Windows system (no, that's not a joke). So I decided to resize
the partitions. Windows should reside on a 10GB partition: Now I installed grml to harddisk via running grml2hd: After installation has finished reboot. Now it's time to install package
grml-samsung-x20 if not done so already. Let's also add some more partitions
and include windows into lilo: I created /dev/hda2 for my root-partition, /dev/hda4 for my $HOME,
/dev/hda5 for testing and /dev/hda6 for swap: So create the filesystems and adjust lilo.conf if necessary: Framebuffer works with 'vga=0x0317' which is default of grml. Using vga=0x031a (1280x1024 with 16 bits) works as
well. To disable framebuffer use 'vga=normal'. Notice: grml >=0.5 provides an initscript named
/etc/init.d/samsung_x20 which provides configuration for X-Server as described
below out-of-the-box(!). If you are running grml from CD
just boot with commandline 'grml services=samsung_x20' which will execute the
initscript while booting. If you installed grml to
harddisk you probably want to install the
grml-samsung-x20 package. Using the laptop with a beamer works without any problems for me. By default a resolution of 1280x1024 will be recognized by the X-server.
But using the higher resolution 1400x1050 is possible via running 915resolution (old version: 855resolution). Either run
915resolution (or 855resolution) directly on commandline: Or adjust configuration file and run init-script 915resolution
('/etc/init.d/915resolution start') afterwards: Now just run 'grml-x -nosync fluxbox' to start with windowmanager fluxbox
and you will get the 1400x1050 resolution. The synaptics touchpad works out-of-the-box with grml-x if the kernel
module evdev is loaded (done by /etc/init.d/samsung_x20 in package
grml-samsung-x20). The evdev module creates the /dev/input/event* devices
which are important for synaptics. To use the additional hotkeys on the right side on the top you have to
activate them. F13 alone gives a keycode already so we have to bind only F14
and F15 via running setkeycodes on commandline as user root: Check settings via running xev or xmodmap: If you are binding the XF86-commands to keys (done by default at grml) you
can use the audio keys (using Fn-<cursor-left>, Fn-<cursor-right>
and Fn-F6): Use the XF86-scripts to adjust volume: And finally bind the keys through your window manager, example for
fluxbox: A listing of the present hotkeys: DRI (3D-support) works out of the box with grml 0.7: Please notice that you need current libgl1-mesa packages if you are
running X.org >=7.0 (shipped with grml 0.8): It is not as fast as with X.org 6.9 and libgl1-mesa* but at least works
so far: The '82801FB/FBM/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6 Family) AC'97 Audio Controller' works
out-of-the-box using ALSA-module snd_intel8x0: The ethernet device 'BCM4401-B0 100Base-TX' works using the b44 module.
The WLAN 'Intel PRO/Wireless 2200BG' device works using the ipw2200
module. Both works out-of-the-box on grml. Basically the only deficit I could find at the Samsung laptop: the
CD-/DVD-device seems to be on the same IDE bus as the harddisk: /dev/hda is
the harddisk, /dev/hdb is the CD-/DVD-device. See output of hdparm: Anyway, burning CDs and DVDs works of course: Works with grml. Please notice that you should use
kernel commandline 'pci=assign-busses' with kernels >=2.6.14. Boot with
'grml pci=assign-busses' using live-cd or add it to the append-line of
lilo.conf on hd-installations. Otherwise you might notice problems
with 32bit PCMCIA-cards. Works out-of-the-box with grml. The 'Ricoh Co Ltd R5C822 SD/SDIO/MMC/MS/MSPro Host Adapter' works using
the SDHCI
driver. The sdhci
driver is shipped with grml 0.7 and is included
in mainline kernel starting with 2.6.17 (so grml >=0.8 of course
includes sdhci as well). Run 'modprobe sdhci' to load the shdci driver, if
/dev/mmcblk0p1 isn't created also run 'modprobe mmc_block'. Using SD-cards
works fine for me, but Sony memory cards for example don't work. Notice: No APM module(s) are necessary. I'm using only ACPI features. ACPI works out-of-the-box using kernel 2.6.16-grml: CPU frequency scaling also works right out-of-the-box (using
speedstep_centrino kernelmodule of 2.6.16-grml and powernowd): Suspend-to-Disk (STD, ACPI S4) and even Suspend-to-RAM (STR, ACPI S3)
work. The package hibernate
did not work for me a long time as expected because of problems with restoring X.
Therefore I wrote the following shellscripts to activate suspend: Starting with kernel 2.6.18-grml and hibernate 1.93 I found a
configuration which works for me: Notice: Suspend-to-Disk (STD, ACPI S4) needs the resume=...-bootoption.
Provide the swappartition as argument. Make sure swappartition is bigger
(about RAM/2*3) than the size of RAM. I'm using a 1.5GB swappartition via
'resume=/dev/hda6' in the append-line of /etc/lilo.conf. Now we can bind suspend to keys and actions through acpid. To use S3 when closing
display use a setup like this: To activate S3 when pressing Fn-Esc key use a setup like: Press the powerbutton to resume. For me the Samsung X20 laptop has a perfect cost/performance ratio. 1GB of
RAM and all hardware is supported out-of-the-box using grml. A S-ATA harddisk would be a nice-to-have,
the Intel graphics card is perfect for people who don't need that much power
but like DRI-support out-of-the-box and longer battery operation. Both the
harddisk and the CD-ROM seem to be attached to the same cable which sucks a
little bit when accessing both at the same time. Overall I can recommend the
Samsung X20 laptop, more details can be found on this page. :) Any kind of feedback is welcome. Feel free to drop me a
mail. Overview
Preface
Installation
grml?
grml-samsung-x20
apt-get update
apt-get install grml-samsung-x20
BIOS
Partitions / Main installation
ntfsresize -n -s 10G /dev/hda1 # testcase
ntfsresize -s 10G /dev/hda1 # testing was successfull, now really resize partition
cfdisk /dev/hda1 # delete partition hda1, create new one with 10000MB and fs-type 07 (NTFS)
grml2hd /dev/hda2 -mbr /dev/hda # this is straight forward, just a few simple
# to answer questions, installation will take only
# a few minutes
cfdisk /dev/hda # create new partitions for your new system
fdisk -l /dev/hda
Disk /dev/hda: 79.5 GB, 79516916224 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9667 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/hda1 * 1 1216 9767488+ 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/hda2 1217 1945 5855692+ 83 Linux
/dev/hda3 9121 9667 4393777+ 5 Extended
/dev/hda4 1946 9120 57633187+ 83 Linux
/dev/hda5 9121 9485 2931831 83 Linux
/dev/hda6 9486 9667 1461883+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda4 && tune2fs -c0 -i0 /dev/hda4
mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda5 && tune2fs -c0 -i0 /dev/hda5
mkswap /dev/hda6
vim /etc/lilo.conf # add entry for windows on /dev/hda1
lilo # now run lilo to write MBR
Console
X-Server
Resolution
915resolution 4d 1400 1050
% cat /etc/default/915resolution
# 915resolution default
# find free modes by /usr/sbin/915resolution -l
# and set it to MODE
MODE=4d
# and set resolutions for the mode.
XRESO=1400
YRESO=1050
SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad
mika@grml ~ % synclient -l
Parameter settings:
LeftEdge = 1700
RightEdge = 5300
TopEdge = 1700
BottomEdge = 4200
FingerLow = 25
FingerHigh = 30
MaxTapTime = 180
MaxTapMove = 220
MaxDoubleTapTime = 180
ClickTime = 100
EmulateMidButtonTime = 75
VertScrollDelta = 100
HorizScrollDelta = 100
MinSpeed = 0.06
MaxSpeed = 0.12
AccelFactor = 0.001
EdgeMotionMinZ = 30
EdgeMotionMaxZ = 160
EdgeMotionMinSpeed = 1
EdgeMotionMaxSpeed = 200
EdgeMotionUseAlways = 0
UpDownScrolling = 1
TouchpadOff = 0
GuestMouseOff = 0
LockedDrags = 0
RTCornerButton = 2
RBCornerButton = 3
LTCornerButton = 0
LBCornerButton = 0
TapButton1 = 1
TapButton2 = 2
TapButton3 = 3
CircularScrolling = 0
CircScrollDelta = 0.1
CircScrollTrigger = 0
CircularPad = 0
Hotkeys
setkeycodes 75 94 # F14 / keycode 128
setkeycodes 74 93 # F15 / keycode 208
% xmodmap -pke | grep 'F1[345]'
keycode 128 = F14
keycode 131 = F13
keycode 208 = F15
% xmodmap -pke | grep XF86Audio
keycode 160 = XF86AudioMute
keycode 174 = XF86AudioLowerVolume
keycode 176 = XF86AudioRaiseVolume
% cat /usr/bin/XF86AudioLowerVolume
#!/bin/sh
aumix -v -5
% cat /usr/bin/XF86AudioRaiseVolume
#!/bin/sh
aumix -v +5
% cat /usr/bin/XF86AudioMute
#!/bin/sh
if [ -f ~/.aumixtmp ] ; then
echo -n "restoring to level "
cat ~/.aumixtmp
aumix -v `cat ~/.aumixtmp`
if ! [ -z $DISPLAY ] ; then
Xdialog --title "XF86AudioMute" --msgbox "Sound activated and set to level `cat ~/.aumixtmp`" 6 35
else
echo "Sound activated and set to level `cat ~/.aumixtmp`"
fi
rm ~/.aumixtmp
else
aumix -q | grep ^vol | cut -d " " -f 2 | sed 's/,//g' > ~/.aumixtmp
echo muting
if ! [ -z $DISPLAY ] ; then
Xdialog --title "XF86AudioMute" --msgbox "Deactivated sound" 6 25
else
echo "Deactivated sound"
fi
aumix -v 0
fi
% cat ~/.fluxbox/keys
[...]
None XF86AudioRaiseVolume :ExecCommand /usr/bin/XF86AudioRaiseVolume
None XF86AudioLowerVolume :ExecCommand /usr/bin/XF86AudioLowerVolume
None XF86AudioMute :ExecCommand /usr/bin/XF86AudioMute
Fn+Esc: sleep button, works
Fn+F2: display battery status, works basically but display in X is b0rken
Fn+F4: VGA switch - needed when booting(!), works
Fn+F6: mute sound, works when activated in X
Fn+F7: de-/activate S/PDIF, should work - not yet tested (but display in X is b0rken)
Fn+F8: de-/activate 3D-Sound, works (but display in X is b0rken)
Fn+F9: de-/activate Touchpad, works (but display in X is b0rken)
Fn+F10: silent/etiquette mode, works (but display in X is b0rken)
Fn+cursor <left|right>: sound, works when activated in X
Fn+cursor <up|down>: regulate LCD, works (but display in X is b0rken)
F13 ('av-now' button): works out of the box, action needs to be bound
F14 ('mail' button): works but needs activation through setkeys
F15 ('ok' button): works but needs activation through setkeys
WLAN-button
DRI / 3D-support
% glxinfo | head -5
name of display: :0.0
display: :0 screen: 0
direct rendering: Yes
server glx vendor string: SGI
server glx version string: 1.2
% glxgears
7678 frames in 5.0 seconds = 1535.600 FPS
7752 frames in 5.0 seconds = 1550.400 FPS
7730 frames in 5.0 seconds = 1546.000 FPS
7736 frames in 5.0 seconds = 1547.200 FPS
# apt-get install libgl1-mesa-dri libgl1-mesa-glx
% glxgears -printfps
4934 frames in 5.0 seconds = 986.796 FPS
4943 frames in 5.0 seconds = 988.506 FPS
[...]
Sound
# cat /proc/asound/cards
0 [ICH6 ]: ICH4 - Intel ICH6
Intel ICH6 with AD1981B at 0xb0040800, irq 10
Network
CD/DVD
# hdparm -tT /dev/hda
[...]
/dev/hda:
Timing cached reads: 3440 MB in 2.00 seconds = 1719.89 MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 74 MB in 3.06 seconds = 24.15 MB/sec
# wodim -v dev=/dev/cdrw speed=16 driveropts=burnfree grml_0.5.iso
# mkisofs -gui -graft-points -volid Live-CDs -joliet -hide-joliet-list -udf \
-full-iso9660-filenames -iso-level 2 -path-list /tmp/foobar ...
PCMCIA
Firewire
Cardreader
Powermanagement
ACPI
% dmesg | grep 'supports S'
ACPI: (supports S0 S3 S4 S5)
% acpi -V
Battery 1: discharging, 100%, 03:05:19 remaining
Thermal 1: ok, 45.0 degrees C
AC Adapter 1: off-line
CPU frequency scaling
# cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor : 0
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 13
model name : Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.60GHz
stepping : 8
cpu MHz : 1596.023
cache size : 2048 KB
fdiv_bug : no
hlt_bug : no
f00f_bug : no
coma_bug : no
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 2
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss tm pbe est tm2
bogomips : 3195.26
% cpufreq-info
cpufrequtils 0.3: cpufreq-info (C) Dominik Brodowski 2004
Report errors and bugs to linux@brodo.de, please.
analyzing CPU 0:
driver: acpi-cpufreq
CPUs which need to switch frequency at the same time: 0
hardware limits: 800 MHz - 1.60 GHz
available frequency steps: 1.60 GHz, 1.33 GHz, 1.07 GHz, 800 MHz
available cpufreq governors: userspace, powersave, ondemand, conservative, performance
current policy: frequency should be within 800 MHz and 1.60 GHz.
The governor "powersave" may decide which speed to use
within this range.
current CPU frequency is 800 MHz.
Suspend to Disk / RAM
root@funkenzutzler ~ # grep -v '^#' /etc/hibernate/common.conf | sort -u
Distribution debian
EnableVbetool yes
LoadModules auto
LockXLock yes
LogFile /var/log/hibernate.log
LogVerbosity 1
RestoreVCSAData yes
Runi915resolution yes
SaveClock yes
SwitchToTextMode no
UnloadBlacklistedModules yes
VbetoolPost yes
Verbosity 0
root@funkenzutzler ~ # grep -v '^#' /etc/hibernate/ram.conf | sort -u
Include common.conf
UseSysfsPowerState mem
root@funkenzutzler ~ # grep -v '^#' /etc/hibernate/disk.conf | sort -u
Include common.conf
UseSysfsPowerState disk
root@funkenzutzler ~ #
mika@grml /tmp % cat /etc/acpi/events/lidbtn
event=button[ /]lid
action=/etc/acpi/actions/lidbtn.sh
mika@grml ~ % cat /etc/acpi/actions/lidbtn.sh
#!/bin/sh
/usr/sbin/samsung_s3
# /usr/sbin/hibernate
mika@grml ~ % cat /etc/acpi/events/sleepbtn
event=button[ /]sleep
action=/etc/acpi/actions/sleepbtn.sh
mika@grml ~ % cat /etc/acpi/actions/sleepbtn.sh
#!/bin/sh
/usr/sbin/samsung_s3
# /usr/sbin/hibernate
Configuration files
Output of ...
Links / Ressources
TODO
Conclusion
Revisions
Feedback
